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President Bush signed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 into law on July
30, 2002. The law contains many reforms and is intended to address
perceived inadequacies in laws that were revealed in the recent
wave of corporate bankruptcies and scandals that have lowered
public confidence in corporate governance. The Act applies to
all companies that are required to file periodic reports with
the Securities and Exchange Commission. The law directly impacts
the following groups:
- CPAs and CPA firms auditing public companies
- Publicly traded companies, their employees, officers,
and owners—including holders of more than 10 percent of
the outstanding common shares. This category would include CPAs
employed by publicly traded companies as chief financial officers
(CFOs) or in the finance department
- Attorneys who work for or have as clients publicly traded
companies; and
- Brokers, dealers, investment bankers and financial analysts
who work for these companies.
The Act, which is named after its primary architects, Senator Paul
Sarbanes (D-Maryland) and Representative Michael Oxley (R-Ohio)
is organized into 11 sections. These sections deal with such
issues as auditor independence, corporate responsibility, enhanced
financial disclosures, conflicts of interest, and corporate
accountability, among other things. The Act also establishes
a public accounting oversight board. Many provisions in the
law are effective immediately, while others become effective
on a specific date. WB Resources focuses its resources and efforts
on the implementation of Section 301(4) of the Act, which mandates
audit committees to:
Establish procedures for:
- The receipt, retention, and treatment of complaints received by the issuer regarding accounting, internal accounting
controls, or auditing matters; and
- The confidential, anonymous submission by employees of the issuer of concerns regarding questionable accounting
or auditing matters
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Listed issuers must be in compliance with the new listing
rules by the earlier of (1) their first annual shareholders meeting
after January 15, 2004, or (2) October 31 2004.
- Is the audit committee made up of independent board
members?
- Is at least one member of your audit committee considered
a “financial expert”?
- Has the audit committee selected a mechanism
that ensures anonymous confidentiality for handling complaints
about accounting, internal control and auditing matters from
employees?
- Is the company who performs the audit truly independent?
- Do the financial disclosures reflect all material correcting
adjustments and all material off-balance sheet items?
- Are the insider stock transactions disclosed immediately?
- Has management assessed the effectiveness of the internal
controls and procedures for financial reporting, and have public
accountants certified these procedures?
- Does the CEO personally review and sign all annual and
quarterly reports to the SEC?
- Has the company committed to not making loans to executives?
- Has the company adopted a code of ethics for its senior
financial officers?
Section |
Description |
Effective Immediately |
Final Rules To
Be Adopted BY |
8/29/02 |
1/26/03 |
4/26/03 |
| 101/201 |
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board |
M |
M |
M |
X |
| 201 |
Prohibition on Non-Audit Services |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 202 |
Audit Committee Approval of Non-Audit Services |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 203 |
Audit and Reviewing Partner Rotation |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 204 |
Reports to Audit Committee |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 206 |
Auditor Conflicts of Interest |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 301 |
Audit Committee Responsibilities/Composition |
M |
M |
M |
X |
| 302(a) |
Additional CEO/CFO Certifications |
M |
X |
M |
M |
| 304 |
Disgorgement |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 306 |
Insider Trades during Pension Fund Blackouts |
M |
M |
X |
M |
| 307 |
Professional Responsibility for Attorneys |
M |
M |
X |
M |
| 401 |
Material Correcting Adjustments |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 401 |
Off-Balance Sheet Transactions |
M |
X |
M |
M |
| 401 |
Pro-Forma Information |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 402 |
Ban on Personal Loans |
M |
M |
X |
M |
| 403 |
Accelerated Due Dates of Section 16 Reports |
M |
M |
X |
M |
| 404 |
Internal Control Report |
M |
M |
M |
M |
| 406 |
Change or Waiver of Code of Ethics |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 407 |
Audit Committee Composition |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 408 |
SEC Review of Issuer Disclosures |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 409 |
Real-Time Disclosure |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 802 |
Destruction/Alteration/Falsification of Records |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 803 |
Debts Nondischargeable |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 804 |
Statute of Limitations |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 806 |
Whistleblower Protection |
X |
MM |
M |
M |
| 807 |
Penalties for Defrauding Shareholders |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| 906 |
Current CEO/CFO Certifications |
X |
M |
M |
M |
| Other |
White-Collar/Corporate Fraud Criminal Penalties |
X |
M |
M |
M |
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1. Why would a company want to consider using the WB-Resources,
LLC system?
We focus on Sarbanes-Oxley alone, allowing us to offer a simple,
cost-effective and completely confidential and anonymous solution
to be in compliance. Our options for receiving and sending information
include:
- Voice-messaging
- Live interviewers
- Web reporting
- Fax/direct mail
The WB-Resources, LLC approach helps employees overcome their fears
and inhibitions by allowing them to express themselves confidentially
and anonymously - if that’s their preference. Every WB-Resources,
LLC tool is designed to eliminate any possibility of voice recognition,
handwriting recognition, and phone number tracing. As a result,
individuals are more comfortable offering their candid concerns.
2. Why is WB-Resources, LLC preferable to internal programs?
The biggest advantage of WB-Resources, LLC over internal programs
is that messages can be completely confidential and anonymous.
Because an organization has no way of knowing who sent a message
- unless someone leaves their name - stakeholders have greater
confidence about speaking candidly.
The other main advantage WB-Resources, LLC provides immediate compliance.
We have already taken the time and developed the procedure for
receipt, retention, and treatment of complaints; thus saving
you time and money.
Other features of WB-Resources, LLC include easy to remember, toll-free
numbers, around the clock access, unlimited message capacity,
36-hour turn around, toll-free fax and access to a team of experienced
interviewers and accountants.
3. Which kind of system works best - live interviewers, voice mail or web?
There are pros and cons to each type of approach. WB-Resources,
LLC can assist you with that analysis. And because WB-Resources,
LLC provides an entire range of tools and permits you to mix
and match options, you can be confident that there is no built-in
bias towards one or another.
4. What kind of information does a company’s management receive?
The format for messages left on WB-Resources, LLC voice-messaging
options is a verbatim transcript of what the caller actually
says. All messages are transcribed word for word, and quality
checked for accuracy. A message is sent to the Audit Committee
Chairperson within 24 hours of receipt to inform him/her to
log on to the secure site to obtain the complaint if it is a
category one complaint. All complaints are available for retrieval
within 36 hours of receipt.
5. If WB-Resources, LLC is confidential and anonymous, how can the Audit Committee provide employees with feedback?
There are several proven methods of letting employees know their
messages are being heard and considered:
- Question and answer columns in employee publications.
- Implementing changes - and crediting them to the WB-Resources,
LLC program.
- Individuals, who choose to identify themselves, can
either be called or provided with a written response to their
concerns.
6.What if an organization is concerned about the confidentiality or sensitivity of its messages?
All prospective WB-Resources, LLC employees are submitted to
a rigorous screening process which includes extensive interviewing
and a minimum of two reference checks. In addition, most of
the current staff has experience in either human resource or
accounting departments where they have routinely handled sensitive
information. They also are required to sign a confidentiality/non-disclosure
agreement. And as part of our standard service agreement, our
company also commits to maintaining confidentiality.
For quality control and verification purposes, all messages are
reviewed by a minimum of two people - the transcriber and a
data auditor.
Messages are only available to clients via the secure web server. Although
the client is notified via email or the method they prefer,
the complaint can only be obtained through the secure server.
If there is a message that is of an urgent nature (category 1),
the Audit Committee Chairperson is immediately sent an email
alert for them to view the concern.
7. How much does WB-Resources, LLC cost and what is included in that rate?
Pricing is based on the number of people in your coverage (employees,
directors, shareholders, vendors/customers, and competitors)
and the services utilized. The price includes unlimited utilization
of the system. It also includes access to templates of
reinforcement materials (e.g. wallet cards, stickers, posters, paycheck inserts).
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